public schools and thirteen private schools were approved, followed by one more public school and twenty-two private schools the next year. By 1905 a total of sixty-three (including technical colleges) had become vocational schools. (Today’s vocational schools were certi-fied by a new law following the end of World War Two. They are now officially referred to as “special vocational schools” and focus on profession-specific education). Enryō applied after returning home and in October the school received certification as the new “Philosophy Academy University.” The graduation diplomas could now carry the words “Philosophy Academy University Master of Philosophy.” It had been about four-teen years since the announcement in 1890 of the establishment of specialized courses aimed at developing university departments. The school had overcome the hardships of rebuilding after the fire disas-ter and the Philosophy Academy Incident. One of Enryō’s goals from the very founding of the school had now been achieved. To commemorate the event the Philosophy Shrine (today’s Four Sages Hall) was built on the new school grounds (today’s Temple Garden of Philosophy), and an opening ceremony was held on the afternoon of April first 1904. On the morning of that day the opening ceremony had been held for Philosophy Academy University but the school was in a difficult situation financially. It had been run based on small yen-amount do-nations from individuals without support from influential people in politics, business, or religion. In March of 1904, leading up to the university’s opening ceremony, the alumni association sent out a let-ter of appeal to its alumni as a start to its proactive donation drive. 144
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