fifteenth he departed on his second world trip. Later, on the seven-teenth, the Ministry of Education asked the Philosophy Academy to give an explanation of “the relationship between motives and actions.” On the nineteenth, the Academy gave its reply to the Ministry. On December thirteenth the Ministry of Education revoked the Academy’s teacher certification accreditation. This was the beginning of the Philosophy Academy Incident. In January 1903 Nakajima Tokuzō took responsibility and resigned from the Philosophy Academy. He then wrote a letter to four news-papers, including the Yomiuri Shimbun, about the unfairness of the disciplinary action taken against the Academy. It was from here that a debate involving the opinions of the public began. Nakajima pub-lished his article “Why I Appeal to the Public on the Philosophy Academy Incident” and criticized the Ministry, emphasizing the fol-lowing four points. 1. Is a teacher careless if he does not critique passages in ethics 2. Is the school guilty of criminal negligence? 3. Is it also necessary to revoke future graduates’ certification? 4. Can the Ministry of Education immediately revoke accredi-The Philosophy Academy Incident textbooks on issues such as killing one’s monarch? tation without having conducted regularly scheduled investi-gations, based on only one on-the-spot investigation of a graduation exam where it found teacher negligence? 130
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