Hegelian philosopher, and his work was used as a textbook in many schools at the time. It also formed the basis of the exam question that became an issue. After the exam had ended inspector Kumamoto Aritaka picked out the answers of a student named KATŌ Mitsuo from among the exam papers. He asked Nakajima about one question in particular (Nakajima had given this paper the highest score of ninety points). There had been four questions, with the last of them being, “Is there such thing as an evil act that is based on good motives?” Katō’s answer to this was, “One should not judge good or evil by looking at the resultant act without considering the motive. If not, he who com-mits regicide in the name of freedom would be subject to punish-ment [for his evil].” The term “regicide” used here refers to a citizen killing his lord or a son killing his father. The following exchange between Kumamoto and Nakajima regarding this answer sparked the Philosophy Academy Incident. When Kumamoto discovered this he asked Nakajima, “Did you add any critical commentary to this theory of Mr. Muirhead?” Nakajima replied, “I selected the textbook as one suited to the level of my students so I did not add any particular critique.” Upon this Kumamoto brought up the terrorist incident in June of the previous year when HOSHI Tōru, an influential member of the Association of Friends of Constitutional Government, was assassi-nated by swordsman IBA Sōtarō in the office of the counselor at City Hall. The media at the time had widely decried Hoshi as corrupt. “According to Iba, ‘It was a pleasure to kill that guy for the sake of the nation.’ Shouldn’t that be considered a good motive?” 126
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