easily-understood “three virtues: wisdom, humanity, and courage” as opposed to simply forcing children to memorize the Rescript. His opinion was based on pedagogical usefulness. However, when Nakajima shared his idea with one of the committee members, a tip-off was made to people connected to the Ministry. They claimed that he supported revoking the Rescript and that he was contradicting the pious policy that, “Cultivation of character must be based on the in-tent of the Imperial Rescript on Education.” It is said this is why the Ministry of Education put a black mark next to the name Nakajima Tokuzō. The graduation exams for the first-class students of Course One (Ethics) of the education department began on October twenty-fifth and lasted for a week until the thirty-first. It was the exam for ethics studies during this time that triggered the incident. The exam was held in the library of the Philosophy Academy, and there were four examinees. Two inspectors were dispatched along with their staffers by the Ministry of Education to proctor the exam, KUMAMOTO Aritaka and KUMAMOTO Shigekichi. The exam was held under the watchful eye of these men and conducted by the Philosophy Acad-emy administrative staff. The ethics studies instructor was Nakajima Tokuzō. After resign-ing from the Ministry of Education Nakajima had returned to the Philosophy Academy. The textbook he used for the class was the first edition of The Elements of Ethics written by John Henry MUIRHEAD and translated by KUWAKI Gen’yoku. Muirhead was a British neo-The Graduation Exam Answer 125
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